Lineage

The prophetic lineage

The 25 prophets named in the Qur’an, the genealogical links the sources actually attest, and an honest account of where the chain has gaps.

These records are traditional material, not evidence-backed genealogy in the modern sense, and Shajrah labels them that way throughout. They are included as reference — the shared frame most Muslim family histories orient themselves against — not as claims meeting the evidentiary standard the rest of the registry applies.

Twenty-five prophets are named explicitly in the Qur’an. Islamic tradition holds that far more were sent — a frequently cited report puts the number in the thousands — but the named twenty-five are the ones the text identifies, and they are what this page records.

What the page does not do is join them into a single unbroken chain. That is the most common thing published prophetic genealogies get wrong, and it is worth explaining why.

What the sources actually attest

The Qur’an is not a genealogical document. It names prophets, and in a number of places it states a direct relationship between two of them — but it does not set out a continuous descent from Adam to Muhammad ﷺ, and neither does any source that could be called contemporary.

The links below are the ones explicitly attested in the Qur’an or in the early biographical and historical literature — Ibn Ishaq’s Sirat Rasul Allah and al-Tabari’s Tarikh. They are the complete set this registry records:

ParentChild
IbrahimIsmail
IbrahimIshaq
IshaqYaqub
YaqubYusuf
DawudSulayman
ZakariyyaYahya
MaryamIsa
SarahIshaq
HajarIsmail
AbdullahMuhammad ﷺ
AminahMuhammad ﷺ

11 parent–child links across 25 prophets and 5 supporting figures. Musa and Harun are attested as brothers; Ismail and Ishaq likewise; Lut is recorded as Ibrahim’s kinsman, and Yahya and Isa as relatives through their mothers.

The one continuous line

The Ibrahimic descent is the best-attested chain in the corpus, and it is the one that matters most for Muslim genealogy, because it is where the lineages of ordinary families eventually claim to attach:

  1. 1Ibrahimإبراهيم الخليل(Abraham)
  2. 2Ishaqإسحاق (عليه السلام)(Isaac)
  3. 3Yaqubيعقوب (إسرائيل)(Jacob / Israel)
  4. 4Yusufيوسف (عليه السلام)(Joseph)

Ibrahim’s other son Ismail settled at Mecca, and it is through his line that Arab genealogies — including that of the Prophet ﷺ — are traditionally traced. The generations between Ismail and Adnan, and between Adnan and Muhammad ﷺ, are recorded in the genealogical literature rather than in scripture, and the early authorities themselves differed over them.

The twenty-five named prophets

In the order the registry records them. Dates are traditional and approximate — they are ordering hints, not historical claims, and several figures have no recorded date at all.

1
Ibrahimإبراهيم الخليل(Abraham)

c. 2000 BCE · Ur, Mesopotamia

2
Lutلوط (عليه السلام)(Lot)

c. 2000 BCE · Mesopotamia

3
Ismailإسماعيل (عليه السلام)(Ishmael)

c. 1900 BCE · Mecca, Hijaz

4
Ishaqإسحاق (عليه السلام)(Isaac)

c. 1900 BCE · Canaan

5
Yaqubيعقوب (إسرائيل)(Jacob / Israel)

c. 1800 BCE · Canaan

6
Yusufيوسف (عليه السلام)(Joseph)

c. 1750 BCE · Canaan / Egypt

7
Musaموسى (عليه السلام)(Moses)

c. 1300 BCE · Egypt

8
Harunهارون (عليه السلام)(Aaron)

c. 1300 BCE · Egypt

9
Dawudداود (عليه السلام)(David)

c. 1010 BCE · Bethlehem

10
Sulaymanسليمان (عليه السلام)(Solomon)

c. 970 BCE · Jerusalem

11
Ilyasإلياس (عليه السلام)(Elijah)

c. 900 BCE · Israel

12
Al-Yasaاليسع (عليه السلام)(Elisha)

c. 850 BCE · Israel

13
Yunusيونس (عليه السلام)(Jonah)

c. 800 BCE · Nineveh

14
Zakariyyaزكريا (عليه السلام)(Zechariah)

c. 100 BCE · Jerusalem

15
Yahyaيحيى (عليه السلام)(John the Baptist)

c. 5 BCE · Jerusalem

16
Isaعيسى بن مريم(Jesus)

c. 4 BCE · Bethlehem

17
Muhammad ﷺمحمد ﷺ

c. 570 CE · Mecca, Hijaz

18
Adamآدم عليه السلام(عليه السلام)

Date not recorded

19
Idrisإدريس (أخنوخ)(Enoch)

Date not recorded

20
Nuhنوح (عليه السلام)(Noah)

Date not recorded · Mesopotamia

21
Hudهود (عليه السلام)(عليه السلام)

Date not recorded · Arabian Peninsula

22
Salihصالح (عليه السلام)(عليه السلام)

Date not recorded · Hijr, Arabia

23
Ayyubأيوب (عليه السلام)(Job)

Date not recorded · Edom

24
Shuaybشعيب (عليه السلام)(Jethro)

Date not recorded · Madyan

25
Dhul-Kiflذو الكفل (عليه السلام)(عليه السلام)

Date not recorded

Supporting figures

Not prophets, but recorded because they carry the genealogical links between those who are.

Sarahسارة (عليها السلام)(wife of Ibrahim)

c. 1980 BCE · Ur, Mesopotamia

Hajarهاجر (عليها السلام)(Hagar, mother of Ismail)

c. 1950 BCE · Egypt

Maryamمريم (عليها السلام)(Mary, mother of Isa)

c. 18 BCE · Nazareth

Abdullahعبد الله بن عبد المطلب(father of Muhammad ﷺ)

c. 545 CE · Mecca, Hijaz

Aminahآمنة بنت وهب(mother of Muhammad ﷺ)

c. 549 CE · Mecca, Hijaz

How Shajrah records this

These records live in a public system tree owned by the platform rather than by any user. They carry a low confidence score and a “historical figure” marker, which is what allows them to appear in public search without being mistaken for evidence-backed records.

If you are working on your own lineage and wondering how a claimed connection to this material would be assessed, the short answer is: on its own evidence, generation by generation. See what counts as evidence in nasab and tracing Sayyid and Sharif lineage.

Sources and further reading

  • The Qur’an — the twenty-five named prophets and the relationships stated between them.
  • Ibn Ishaq (ed. Ibn Hisham), Sirat Rasul Allah; trans. A. Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad (Oxford University Press, 1955).
  • Abu Jaʿfar al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk; The History of al-Tabari, vols. I–II (SUNY Press).
  • Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd/3rd ed., entries on the individual prophets and on “Nasab”.
  • Shajrah system specification — §3.5 Living person rules; ProphetTreeSeeder for the seeded records.